Red eyes are a common concern that can affect anyone. Whether it appears suddenly or develops gradually, eye redness is often a visible sign that something isn’t quite right. While some causes are minor and resolve quickly, others may indicate a more serious eye condition that requires medical attention.
With that, let’s explore the possible causes of red eyes, when to worry, and what actions to take.
What Are Red Eyes?
Red eyes occur when the blood vessels in the white part of the eye (sclera) become swollen or dilated. This can be due to irritation, infection, inflammation, or trauma. The redness may be accompanied by other symptoms like itching, burning, discharge, or blurry vision.
In many cases, red eyes are temporary and harmless. However, persistent redness or additional symptoms may be signs of an underlying condition that needs evaluation by an eye care specialist.
Common Causes of Red Eyes
- Allergies
Eye allergies are one of the most frequent reasons for red eyes. Pollen, dust, pet dander, and mold can trigger an allergic reaction, leading to redness, itching, and watery eyes. These symptoms are typically seasonal but may occur year-round for some individuals.
- Dry Eyes
When the eyes don’t produce enough tears or the quality of tears is poor, the surface becomes dry and irritated. This can cause redness and a gritty sensation. Prolonged screen use, air conditioning, or certain medications can contribute to dry eye syndrome.
- Contact Lens Wear
Improper use of contact lenses—such as wearing them too long, sleeping in them, or not cleaning them properly—can irritate the eyes and lead to redness. Infections related to contact lens misuse can also be serious.
- Lack of Sleep
Fatigue and insufficient rest can lead to red eyes. When the eyes are not given time to recover, the blood vessels remain dilated, making them appear red and tired.
- Environmental Irritants
Smoke, pollution, wind, and exposure to chemicals like chlorine (from swimming pools) can cause temporary eye redness. In such cases, the irritation usually subsides once the exposure ends.
Infections That Cause Red Eyes
- Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye)
This is a common and contagious eye infection that can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or allergens. Symptoms include redness, itching, discharge, and swelling. Viral conjunctivitis often spreads in schools and workplaces.
- Blepharitis
Inflammation of the eyelids, or blepharitis, can cause redness along with crusting and itching near the lash line. It is often linked to poor eyelid hygiene or skin conditions like dandruff.
- Keratitis
Keratitis is an inflammation of the cornea and can result from infections or injuries. It often causes redness, pain, light sensitivity, and blurred vision. This condition requires prompt treatment.
More Serious Causes
- Acute Glaucoma
A sudden rise in eye pressure, known as acute angle-closure glaucoma, can cause intense redness, eye pain, headache, and nausea. This is a medical emergency and requires immediate attention.
- Uveitis
Uveitis refers to inflammation of the eye’s middle layer. It can result in redness, pain, and blurred vision. Uveitis may be linked to autoimmune diseases and requires evaluation by an eye specialist.
- Subconjunctival Hemorrhage
This occurs when a tiny blood vessel breaks just beneath the surface of the eye. Although it looks alarming, it is usually harmless and resolves on its own within one to two weeks.
When to See a Doctor
While occasional redness may not be a cause for concern, you should seek medical attention if:
- The redness is severe or persistent
- You experience pain, vision changes, or light sensitivity
- There is discharge, swelling, or injury
Prompt diagnosis can prevent complications and protect your vision.
Treatment and Prevention
The treatment for red eyes depends on the underlying cause. Here are some general approaches:
- Artificial tears: Help relieve dryness and irritation
- Allergy medications: Antihistamine drops can reduce symptoms
- Cold compresses: Alleviate inflammation and discomfort
- Avoid irritants: Limit exposure to smoke, dust, and other triggers
- Proper lens hygiene: Clean lenses and follow usage guidelines
Preventive measures include taking regular breaks from screens, staying hydrated, using protective eyewear, and maintaining good hygiene.
Prioritizing Your Ocular Health
Red eyes can range from mild and temporary to serious and vision-threatening. Understanding the cause of your eye redness is the first step toward effective treatment. If you’re experiencing persistent or severe symptoms, it’s important to consult an eye care professional.
At Shinagawa Lasik & Aesthetics, we are fully committed to your eye health. Our team of experienced specialists can help diagnose the root cause of red eyes and provide the right treatment tailored to your needs. Don’t ignore your eye symptoms—schedule an appointment and let us take care of your vision today.
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